
TxID-1
Transmitter Fingerprinting
Operation and Installation Manual



                                                 WARNING
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B Digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. 
These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation.  This equipment
generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause
harmful interference to radio communications.  However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular
installation.  If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning
the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
        *       Reorient or relocate the receiving antennas.
        *       Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.
        *       Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
        *       Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
Note:  Use of shielded power and interface cables with this equipment is required in order to ensure compliance with the FCC
specifications.

Caution:  Changes or modifications to this equipment not expressly approved by the manufacturer responsible for compliance could
void the user's authority to operate the equipment.  It is recommended that only FCC Class B Certified devices be used with this
equipment.  Operation of Class A equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will
be required to correct the interference at his or her own expense.  FCC ID:  KR618001
                                           Notice to End User
Read the Software License Agreement before opening the sealed disk package.  This agreement is a legal contract between you, the
end user, and MoTron Electronics governing your use of the software.  Opening the sealed disk package indicates your acceptance
of this agreement.  This agreement shall also be binding on any subsequent, authorized licensee.

The TxID-1 is manufactured under U.S. Patent number 5,005,210.
                                        Notification of Copyright
This software is copyrighted and all rights are reserved by MoTron Electronics and RadioRose Consortium, Inc.  You must treat
the software like any other copyrighted material, except that you may either 1) make one copy of the software solely for backup or
archival purposes, or 2) you may place the software on a single hard disk and keep the original software solely for backup or archival
purposes.  Copyright laws prohibit making additional copies of the software for any other reason.  This manual is copyrighted by
MoTron Electronics and all rights are reserved.  This manual may not, in whole or part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced,
translated, or reduced to any electronic medium or machine readable form without prior written consent from MoTron Electronics.
                                       Software License Agreement
MoTron Electronics grants you the right to use one copy of the software on a single-user computer.  You may not sublicense, rent
or lease the software, but you may permanently transfer your license to use the software and accompanying materials by delivering
to another party the original diskette and materials comprising the software package.  Such transfer terminates your license to use
the software.  The new recipient of the software and accompanying materials accepts this agreement and is licensed under the terms
of this agreement upon initially using the software.  MoTron Electronics further grants you the right to make a backup/archival copy
of the software diskette as set forth in the notification of copyright above. You may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer,
copy, transfer, or otherwise use the software or firmware except as stated in this agreement.  Site licenses are available.
                                            Limited Warranty
MoTron Electronics warrants, that for a period of twelve (12) months from the date of purchase by the original buyer as evidenced
by a copy of the receipt, the TxID-1 hardware and diskettes on which the software is furnished under normal use will be free from
defects in materials and workmanship and that the TxID Software under normal use will perform without significant errors that make
it unusable.  MoTron Electronics' entire liability and your exclusive remedy under this warranty (which is subject to you returning
both the TxID hardware and TxID Software to MoTron Electronics with a copy of your receipt) will be, at MoTron Electronics'
option, to replace the defective hardware, software or diskette, as applicable, or to refund the purchase price and terminate this
Agreement.  No other warranties exist, expressed or implied.
                                         Limitation of Liability
In no event will MoTron Electronics be liable for any damages, including loss of data, lost profits, cost of cover or other special,
incidental, consequential or indirect damages arising from the use of the TxID hardware, TxID Software or accompanying
documentation, however caused and on any theory of liability.  This limitation will apply even if MoTron Electronics has been
advised of the possibility of such damage.  Buyer acknowledges that the purchase price/license fee reflects this allocation of risk.  Some
states do not allow the limitation or exclusion of liability for incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation may not
apply to you.
                                            TABLE OF CONTENTS

WARNING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii

Notice to End User . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii

Notification of Copyright. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii

Software License Agreement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii

Limited Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii

Limitation of Liability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iii

SYSTEM DESCRIPTION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1

THEORY OF OPERATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1
   Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  1
   Practical Implementation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  2
   Receiver/Computer Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  2
     Hardware - TxID-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  2
     Firmware. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
     Software. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  3
   


Receiver - Control.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   Receiver - Signals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4
   Tape Recorder.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  4

PRE-INSTALLATION SET-UP AND RECEIVER MODIFICATION. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     System Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     Modification and Setup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     Discriminator connections on some common scanners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  5
     AR-3000(A). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
     Icom R-7000/R-7100. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  6
     Squelch Connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
     Voltage measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  7
       OPAMP.EXE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  8
     Header jumpers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  9
     AGC (Signal strength) connection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

INSTALLING THE TxID-1 IN YOUR COMPUTER . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
   Calibration of the TxID-1 Card. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
   Interface Adaptor Kit, IA-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11

PC-RESIDENT PROGRAM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
   Installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
   Using the Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
   Program Configuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
   Displays. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
   Informational Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
   Fingerprint Movement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
   Test Drive. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
   Main Menu selections. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
   Program Modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
     Analyze . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
     COMPARE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
     MATCH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
     Edit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
   FingerPrint "Comparison". . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
   Description of the Menu Choices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
     File. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
     Primary (left). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
     
Location = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
     oUtput file (right) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
     Annotation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
     Selected. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
     Okay (begin edit) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
     Primary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
     prEvious. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
     Add . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
     Save. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
     Skip. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
     pgdN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
     pGup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
     Back. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
     eXit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
     aBout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
     eXit to DOS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
   Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
     Source. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
     Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
     <ESC> . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
     Emission .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
     Disk recording. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
       All . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
       nonE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
       oN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
       oFf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
     oPtions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
       Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
       Signal strength . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
       
Touchtone (DTMF) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
       Audio deviation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
       

sUbaudible (CTCSS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
       Dcs(subaudible) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
       Bearing(doa). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
       Rcvr position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
     Tape recording. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
       Tape .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
       oFf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
       Normal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
       Maximum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
       Write data =. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
       Write data at end . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
       tiMe out =. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
       tiMe out = full . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
       tUrn off =. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
       tUrn off at end . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
       Source channel =. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
       Delayed audio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
       saVe configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
     Remote recording. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
       Remote .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
       Port .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
       Port =. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
       connect messaGe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
       passWord. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
       Start session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
       End session . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
       sTart transmission. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
       eNd transmission. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
       Mode .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
       Ascii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
       Binary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
       controL permitted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
       reWind enable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
       1  (unseen option). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
       
3  (unseen option) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
       6  (unseen option). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
     Match = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
       Path .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
       
Metric Max . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
       Jitter. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
       
Lop Off. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
       DC Offset . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
       Action =. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
       Audio alarm = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
       Tape relay on = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
       taPe relay off =. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
       Okay. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
       Cancel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
       Comparing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
     

Okay (begin monitoring). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
     Pause . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
     Proceed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
     Tape= . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
       Tape>999. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
       Tape=all. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
       
Save . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
     Skip. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
     pGdn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
     pGup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
     
1, 3, 6 (unseen option). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
     F1  (unseen option) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
     F2 to F9  (unseen options). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
     F10  (unseen options) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
     <Space bar>  (unseen option). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
     hElp-fp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
     Back. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
     
eXit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
   Occupancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
       
Input file selection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
       
Output file. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
       
Begin. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
       
Exit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
   Analyze . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
     Primary (left). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
     Location =. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
     Secondary (right) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
     Location =. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
     Match . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
     comPare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
     Okay (begin analysis) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
     Primary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
     prEvious. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
     Secndry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
     preVious. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
     pgdN. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
     pGup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
     (unseen options). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
     Back. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
     eXit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
   Configure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
     Board address = . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
     Radio ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
     Unknown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
     Speed=. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
     Frequency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
     Emission .... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
     Port. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
     saVe configuration. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
   Test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
     Verify TxID Runs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
     Dualport RAM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
     
Checksum of EPROM. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
     RAM test. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
     Discriminator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
     aMdetect. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
     Noise (squelch) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
     Write audio tape. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
     Rewind tape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
     Audio tape read . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
     Touchtone (DTMF) test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
     Exit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
   Help. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
     Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
     Browse. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
     Use <F1>. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42

Advanced Topics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

Command Line Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
   Script file       (/<filename.ext>) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
   Comment           (* <text>   or   ; <text>). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
   CTCSS Amplitude   (MPU<16th of KHz>). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
   DCS Amplitude     (MPD<Counts>) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
   Note              (N <Message>) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
   Pause             (P<number of seconds to wait>). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
   Unattended Operation  (U) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
   Time Limit        (FX<number of seconds>) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
   Deviation Adjustment   (VADnn,mm;nn,mm;...) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
   Signal Strength Adjustment   (VASnn,mm;nn,mm;...) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
   Bearing    (VBBn=-1). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
   FingerPrint Channel (Deviation)   (VBFn=0). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
   Receiver Location      (VBL-1,-1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
   Prior Counts   (VBPn=0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
   Signal Strength Channel   (VBSn=3). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
   Number of Closures   (VCn=16) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
   Occupancy Loop Delay   (VDnnn). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
   Hysterisis Limit   (VHnn) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
   Radio Initialization String   (VI<string>). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
   Frequency Offset   (VOnn=0) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
   Samples to Validate   (VSnn=32) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
   Tape FingerPrint Length   (VTnn). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
   Using Advanced Parameters on the Command Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
   Using Advanced Parameters in a Configuration or Script file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
   Using Advanced Parameters with the DOS Environment Variables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
   Printing FingerPrints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
   Radio Squelch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47

Helpful Hints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
   Creating a batch file . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48

TROUBLESHOOTING. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
   Initial Startup procedure didn't work . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
   The fingerprint is not centered . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
                                           SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

The system consists of the TxID-1 circuit card, that fits into an IBM/Compatible desktop
computer, and the TxID Software.  The TxID card will can also be used in the TxID Porter,
Mobile parallel interface with a laptop.  Functional elements of the circuit card include: the Z180
microprocessor, the copyrighted TxID firmware (on EPROM), Dual-port RAM, D/A converter,
an eight channel A/D converter, a fast signal detect squelch, and an RS-232 interface.  The TxID-1
Block Diagram, Figure 1  on page 2 illustrates how these elements work together.  An Interface
Adaptor board is provided for easy connections to tape recorder and receiver, although a direct
connection to the TxID's DC-37 connector can be made to your receiver and other external
equipment.

                                           THEORY OF OPERATION

Introduction

Your receiver can identify each transmitter it hears come on the air, without placing any
requirement on the transmitter to cooperate.  The process is covered in detail in U.S. Patent
5,005,210.  If you listen closely to the heterodyne of a transmitter coming on top of a stable carrier,
you will notice a kind of "chirp", not very different from keying the oscillator of a radio telegraph
station.  Experienced radio telegraph operators can identify stations by their chirp/click signature. 
Experimental observations made with the aid of a high speed A/D converter and a computer
showed conclusively that no two transmitters come on the air in precisely the same way. 
Consequently, it is possible to uniquely identify a single transmitter with a kind of electronic
"fingerprint".

A carrier operated transmitter is characterized by means of its detailed phase history during the
turn-on process.  Most transmitters have completely stabilized after the first few hundred
milliseconds of operation.  During that time however, a transmitter exhibits a repeatable behavior
which is unique to the unit.  The TxID system measures the turn-on phase (frequency) transient
and quantifies it as a transmitter identifying "fingerprint".  This involves digitizing the output of
a frequency discriminator, beginning at the start of signal.  These samples are then digitally filtered
and stored.  The stored samples are analyzed and graphically displayed.  The resulting fingerprint
or signature is independent of received signal amplitude over a very wide dynamic range.

Practical Implementation

The TxID-1 circuit card is resident in, interfaced to, and powered by an IBM/Compatible desktop
computer.  It occupies an XT card position and connects externally to a radio receiver and
(optionally) a tape recorder through a DC-37S connector.  The receiver's NFM discriminator and
AGC signals are digitized by an A/D converter controlled by the on-board microprocessor. Signal
presence is established by a specially designed fast "squelch" circuit which acts on the high
frequency noise element of the receiver's discriminator output.  The digitally sampled discriminator
data is processed and placed in dual-port RAM, where it is retrieved by the computer for use by
the TxID Software.

Receiver/Computer Interface

Hardware - TxID-1

At the heart of the system is the Z180 microprocessor running at 18.432 MHz.  An 8K EPROM
contains the firmware, a 1K dual-port RAM stores data for internal computer communications,
and a 32K Static RAM completes the 64K processor address space.  Analog and digital I/O is
implemented with an eight-channel A/D converter, a D/A converter, a buffer and a latch.  A
DTMF decoder is integrated into the system, as well.  Two selectable speed serial data ports are
supported by the Z180.  The first is buffered to RS232 voltage levels to control AR3000 and other
RS-232 controllable receivers.  The second is buffered to ICOM CI-V voltage levels to control
R-7000/R-7100 ICOM receivers.  Each receiver's NFM discriminator is characterized by a center
Band offset to convert +/- 8 Khz discriminator output to +/- 2.5v centered at +2.5v (0 - 5v A/D
range).  Two resistors on input header J1 set the correct gain and offset for the selected receiver. 
Frequency polarity is handled in firmware.  The Z180 RESET and INT0 lines are under direct
computer control, by setting or clearing bits in a PC I/O port.  A total of four contiguous PC I/O
ports are required, and these may be set anywhere in the computer's I/O space.  PORT and
PORT+1 are write only by the computer.  PORT sets the low eight bits of dual-port RAM address. 
PORT+1 sets the remaining two RAM address bits (10 lines for 1024 byte RAM).  It also controls
the RESET and INT0 lines.  PORT+2 (or PORT+3) reads and writes the RAM at the selected
address.  PORT is normally switched to 300H as a factory default.  Changing this value to avoid
an I/O address conflict would require a corresponding change in the program configuration.

Firmware

The Z180 executes the TxID copyrighted firmware program which is contained in the on-board
EPROM.  Communication between the computer and the Z180 is by means of a 1K shared
dual-port RAM.  The computer controls Z180 operation with the RESET and INT0 lines as well
as several locations in RAM for placing orders to the firmware.  Data from the Z180 is returned
to the computer in other assigned locations.

Software

The TxID program is a highly technical, specialized program.  It captures, displays, saves, and
compares transmitter FingerPrints.  FingerPrints can also be recorded on audio tape, with or
without the transmission, and the length of the recording can be specified.  Noise spikes are
virtually ignored.  Frequency and signal strength may be determined, depending upon the receiver
used and the connections made.  Displayed data include date, transmission begin and end times,
frequency, Peak Audio, and Peak DTMF Deviation, any DTMF tones decoded during the
transmission, CTCSS tones, DCS codes, as well as signal strength when available.  This data is
stored along with the FingerPrint.




Receiver - Control.

Many receivers allow external control of frequency and mode via a serial interface.  The ICOM line
of receivers uses the CI-V (Computer Interface 5) protocol.  This simple scheme uses a half-duplex
query/response protocol with a single pair of wires (signal and ground).  The controller issues
commands and requests to individual units which respond over the same wire.  Logic levels are a
resistive pullup to +5v (logic high) and ground (logic low).  Various data rates (300, 1200, 9600
etc.) are internally selected.  Other receivers, such as the AOR AR-3000(A), also use a start/stop
code at a given data rate, but employ RS232 communications protocol.

Receiver - Signals.

The NFM discriminator and AGC signal levels are brought out of the receiver.  The discriminator
is level shifted for convenient A/D conversion.  A high-pass active Sallen-Key filter is fed from the
discriminator.  Its output is peak-to-peak rectified and filtered for the fast squelch function
required to perform FingerPrinting.  Although the fast squelch will not respond as well to weak
signalsespecially weak mobile signals with flutterthe standard squelch circuit offered by most
receivers will not respond fast enough to capture the transient signal used to form the fingerprint.

Tape Recorder.

A standard hi-fi tape recorder with a "remote" jack may be used to record the derived digital data. 
All or part of the transmission may be recorded as well.  The recorder is controlled by the TxID
Software.  A high quality audio tape must be used when recording the fingerprint data (We have
had good success with the Maxell XL-II 60, which are readily available).  The fingerprint data is
written to the audio tape at a rate of 1000 bits per second.  An FM encoding/decoding scheme is
used.  This optional feature offers the user a convenient way to match a given transmission with
a FingerPrint.  Best results have been achieved with a stereo tape recorder; one channel recording
digital data and the second recording audio data directly from the receiver.  A monaural recorder
can be used but some audio data is lost when the digital fingerprint is recorded.  Connections to
the tape recorder are made with standard cables via the jacks provided on the IA-1 card or directly
via the 37 pin connector.
                            PRE-INSTALLATION SET-UP AND RECEIVER MODIFICATION

System Requirements

The TxID-1 circuit card must be installed in an expansion slot of an IBM/Compatible desktop
computer.  The software requires a minimum of 512K RAM and DOS 2.11 or later.  A hard-drive
is not required but is highly recommended.  Both a graphics video card and graphics monitor are
required; an EGA or VGA monitor is recommended.  The receiver must have a NFM bandwidth
greater than +/- 7.5Khz (15 Khz bandpass) and less than +/- 15Khz (30 Khz bandpass).  It will not
work with wide band (180 Khz) filters.

Modification and Setup

Before you install the TxID-1 in your computer, you must make a modification to your receiver,
and set up Input Header J1 on the TxID-1 card.  Locate the discriminator output on your receiver
prior to low-pass, de-emphasis circuits, etc.  This needs to be a direct DC connection (i.e. prior to
either a capacitor or inductor, or both) and must still contain the high frequency noise element in
order for the TxID-1 squelch to function.  Connect one end of a 1/4 watt resistor, between 15K
ohms and 33K ohms, to the discriminator output.  Connect the other end of the resistor to an RCA
jack or similar connector; either a spare connector installed by the manufacturer, or one you've
installed for this purpose.  If you need assistance making connections to your receiver, call (541)
687-2118.



Discriminator connections on some common scanners

Below is a list of a number of scanners along with the IF receiver IC used and the pin on that IC
where the discriminator may be found.  We have not tried to make connections on every scanner
on this list, but the information appears to be accurate.  (This list is from the November 1994 issue
of "Monitoring Times", page 109.)




   Scanner               Symbol        IC            Pin

   Pro-2004/5/6          IC-2          TK10420       9
   Pro-2032              IC-2          MC3361        9
   Pro-2030              IC-3          NJM3359       10
   Pro-2027              IC-2          MC3361N       9
   Pro-2026              IC-7          NJM3359       10
   Pro-2022              IC-1          MC3361        9
   Pro-43                IC-301        TX10421       9
   Pro-39                IC-201        MC3361        9
   Pro-37                IC-101        MC3361        9
   Pro-35                IC-401        TK1042        11
   Pro-34                IC-101        TK10420       9
   BC760XLT              IC-2          NJM3359       10
   BC200XLT              IC-401        TK10421       11
   BC560XLT              IC-1          NJM3359       10
   BC800XLT              IC-1          MC3359        10
   BC855XLT              IC-401        TK10421       11
   BC890XLT              IC-3          NJM3359       10
   BC2500XLT             IC-201        TK10830       12
   BC8500XLT             IC-9          MC3361        9
   MR8100                IC-3          NJM3359       10
   SHINWA                A-502         MC3357        9
   ICOM R-1              IC-1          TK10487       12

AR-3000(A)

If you are using an AR-3000(A) connect the discriminator to pin 14 on the DB-25.  It is best to set
the AR-3000(A) to 9600 baud (by the small switch behind the front panel).

Icom R-7000/R-7100

The discriminator signal, on Icom R-7000/R-7100 receivers, can be taken from the anode of diode
D17, on the IF unit circuit board.  It also requires an adjustment of R92 to bring the center of the
discriminator range down to about +5V.  It is best to set the CI-V data rate to 9600.  Refer to your
service manual or call us for details on how to do this.   

Squelch Connection

With Software Version 2.00 and firmware 3.00 and higher, the TxID-1 can make use of the
receiver's squelch to validate the onboard squelch circuit of the TxID.  If the receiver squelch is
connected to the TxID-1, it will check to see if the receiver's squelch has been opened after the 200
ms period used to take a fingerprint.  If it is, it will accept that data as valid, if it is not, it will
reject the fingerprint as noise.  If you do not wish to make a squelch connection to your radio, go
to the config menue (software version 2.82 or higher) and make sure "External squelch connected"
is not checked.  For many radios the radio squelch circuit will normally be low and will go high
when a carrier is detected.  If your radio's squelch is inverted, then you must also make sure there
is no check mark next to "External squelch normal" on the config menu.  Squelch input on the
interface adaptor board is to pin 19 of the dual row header.  If you are connecting directly to the
DC-37 connector, pin 19 is also used.  If you get an error message of "Transmission too short"
when trying to capture a print, there is a good chance that one of the squelch options is incorrect.

Voltage measurements

To configure the input header (J1) on the TxID-1, you must take some DC voltage readings on the
discriminator output.  Set the receiver to a quiet simplex frequency.  Using a signal generator or
transmitter, inject an unmodulated carrier 8 Khz below the center frequency and write down the
DC voltage reading on the discriminator output.  Move the signal generator up 1 Khz at a time
and take readings up to 8 Khz above the center frequency.  Occasionally readings on the 8 Khz
extremes will be slightly out of the passband and will therefore not be useful.  This will be obvious
by the fact that you will not be able to hear the carrier in the receiver.  The voltage reading will
also jump sharply as soon as the signal appears in the passband.  Take the lowest and highest DC
voltage readings obtained on each end.  For example, on an AOR AR3000A the -8Khz reading is
1.22V, the +8Khz reading is 2.38V.




OPAMP.EXE

The OPAMP.EXE program is used to determine the resistor values used on the input header.  Take
the DC values obtained above and execute "OPAMP.EXE" which is a program included with the
TxID-1.  After the DOS prompt type OPAMP followed by an Enter.  The following will be
displayed:
   
   Enter the smallest, largest discriminator
   voltages taken @ +/- 8Khz:

Enter the lowest and highest values you obtained using only a space to separate them.  Press the
Enter key.  Using the example above from the readings obtained on an AR3000A: 1.22 2.38 (Enter) 
This would produce the following:

   Veq=1.6V, Req=665
   Enter a Vs equal or greater than Veq
   (legal values are -12, -5, 5, 12):

With our example, either a 5 or a 12 could be entered, since they are both greater than Veq.  If you
enter a 5 you will get:

   Rg= 974 ohms, pins 5 to 10
   Rs= 2092 ohms, pins 2 to 13

Use the closest 5% value resistors to these values, i.e. Rg=1K, Rs=2.2K.  If you enter 12 you will
get:

   Rg= 766 ohms, pins 5 to 10
   Rs= 5020 ohms, pins 1 to 14





The closest 5% values will give you Rg=750, Rs=5.1K.

The "pins" mentioned refer to pins on the 14 pin DIP component header supplied with the TxID-1. 
A blank header has been installed in the J1 socket.  Remove the header and the top cover and
install the resistors.  Refer to Figure 2 for pin numbering.

Header jumpers

There are positions for two jumpers on the component header.  Install a jumper (clipped resistor
lead) between pins 7 and 8 if the slope of your discriminator is positive.   In other words, if your
signal generator is set below the center frequency of your receiver and the DC reading rises as the
signal generator rises in frequency.  If the voltage decreases as the signal generator rises in
frequency then your receiver has a negative slope.  If this is the case, do not install a jumper
between pins 7 and 8.

If computer control of your receiver is supported by the TxID Software, and communication is via
an RS-232 Serial port, a jumper between pins 6 and 9 must be installed to enable computer control. 
Leave this jumper blank if 1) you do not want computer control of your receiver, 2) your receiver
is not supported by the TxID Software, or 3) your receiver is not controlled via RS-232 or not
computer controllable.  Currently, the AOR-3000(A) is the only receiver that uses RS-232 that the
TxID-1 will control.

If you are using an AOR AR-3000(A) and you want to be able to control it using the computer,
install a jumper between pins 6 and 9.  Leave this pin blank for any other receiver.



AGC (Signal strength) connection

A connection can be made (but is not required) to the
AGC line to extract signal strength information.  When
signal strength information is input into the TxID-1 a
signal strength in Dbm will be displayed with each signal.
A 15K to 33K resistor should be used to isolate the AGC
line.  Connect it to a spare jack or install an RCA or 
similar jack on your receiver.  If you are using an original
(non Rev-A) card, this input must be shorted to ground if
not used.  A shorting plug was supplied with these units. 
Rev-A boards do not have this requirement.                                                              


INSTALLING THE TxID-1 IN YOUR COMPUTER
To install the TxID-1, turn off your computer and remove the cover to gain access to the expansion
slots.  The TxID-1 comes from the factory with its address set to 300H.  If you have another device
residing at that address then you will need to change the DIP switch setting.  Refer to Figure 3,
"DIP switch settings".  These are only examples of a few settings, you may use any address that you
like.  Be sure to install and tighten the bracket screw to secure the card in your computer.

Calibration of the TxID-1 Card

If your receiver has been connected to the TxID-1, as described above, the component header
properly configured and the card installed in your computer, you can turn on the computer and
receiver. The only adjustment of the card is the noise amplifier gain.  The test point TP-1 (rectified
noise output) may be read with an external voltmeter or with the internal A/D converter in Test
mode.  In either case, set it to between 4.5 and 5VDC with no signal (pure discriminator noise) by
adjusting VR1 on the TxID-1 card.  This is not a pure DC signal, by any means.  If TP-1 is viewed
with an oscilloscope, it will show up as a very choppy waveform.

Calibration of the TxID-1 Card - If a transmitter of known frequency can be received, it is possible
to adjust the TxID (in software) to accurately display the frequency of the deviation.

Advanced Calibration - It is possible to calibrate the Receiver and TxID card such that
FingerPrints received from two different systems can be compared.  The items that need calibration
are the gain and offset of the discriminator and the establishment of an absolute value for the
Signal Strength.  Refer to the Techref document on your software disk for the more calibration
information and examples.

Interface Adaptor Kit, IA-1

Supplied with the TxID-1 is the IA-1 Interface Adaptor Kit.  This includes:

   1 IA-1 circuit card
   1 Dual connector Shielded RCA connector cable
   2 RCA jacks
   2 15K 1/4 watt resistors
   2 3/8" 4-40 screws


The board was designed to simplify connections from the TxID-1 to your receiver.  But it is not
required to be used.  Direct connections can be made using the supplied DC37 connector.  If you
are using the TxPorter Mobile adaptor, it is recommended that you make a cable rather than use
the IA-1 card.  When using the IA-1 card, standard, readily available cables can be used to make
all necessary connections.  It can be installed directly to the TxID-1 board by mating the DC-37
connectors, or remotely by using a DC-37 to DC-37 cable.  Refer to the block diagram in Figure
2.  If you decide to connect it directly to the back of the computer, you will need to remove the two
hex nut screws and the metal face plate on the DC-37 connector and replace them with the two 3/8"
4-40 screws, facing the opposite direction.  This will enable you to secure the board to the
computer connector.  The two RCA jacks and 15K, 1/4 watt resistors can be used in your receiver
modification.

The IA-1 is supplied for convenience, but you may wish not to use it and make all of your
connections directly to the DC-37 jack on the TxID-1 card.  If you do this, you must run a jumper
wire from pin 20 to pin 7.  A pin-out of the jack is supplied in the appendix.

Both the discriminator and AGC
connections are made with RCA jacks. 
Supplied with the IA-1 is a dual RCA
interface cable.  This can be used to make
connections to the discriminator and
AGC.  If you are using an Icom R-7000/R-
7100 use a standard 1/8" (3.5MM) audio
patch cord to connect the CI-V jack to the
"remote" CI-V jack on the R-7000.  On
TxID-1 Rev-B boards JP-3 is used to
combine the CI-V signals.  It must be
installed if using an Icom radio if using CI-
V.  Tape recorder connections are made
using the other jacks on the board.  A
cable can be connected from the "Tape
control" to your tape recorder's "remote"
control input.  "Tape In" goes to the recorders external speaker or earphone output.  "Tape Out"
goes to your recorders "Aux" or "Mic" input.  The level of this output can be adjusted using VR1
on the IA-1 board.  For the fingerprints to be written and read correctly to audio tape, a good
quality tape must be used.

The DB-25 connector on the board is used to interface  the TxID-1 to RS-232 computer controlled
receivers such as the AR-3000.  If you connected the discriminator output to pin 14 of the DB-25
in your receiver you will only need a standard DB-25 male to female serial cable.  AGC can be
connected to pin 15.  Use only shielded cables from the IA-1.

Most of the pins on the double row header on the board are not currently used and are for future
products and features.  Pin 19 can be used as a receiver squelch input  These pins are documented
on the IA-1 schematic.

                                           PC-RESIDENT PROGRAM
                                         Version 2.00 and higher

Installation

It is recommended that you install the TxID Software to a Hard Disk.  Although the program will
execute from floppy disk, reading and writing to a floppy disk will significantly affect the overall
performance.  Additionally, the number of transmissions that can be captured to file is limited by
the relatively small memory capacity of the diskette.

To install the TxID Software to a Hard Drive, copy the entire contents of the supplied diskette to
the desired drive and directory.  If you are unfamiliar with DOS, enter the following commands
(in bold) at the DOS prompt:






If you run the TxID program from floppy, be sure to copy the contents to another diskette, and
run the TxID program from the "backup" copy.  In either case, store the original diskette in a safe
place.

Note:  Your license with MoTron Electronics permits you to use this software on only one
computer at a time and only in conjunction with the TxID-1 card which you purchased. 
Furthermore, it allows only one copy of the software diskette for archive purposes.

Using the Program

If you are not already in the directory containing the TxID Software, change to that directory.  
Load the program by typing "TX" at the DOS prompt or "TXPORTER" if you are using the
TxPorter.  These are batch files that will provide you with a basic setup.  When using the batch file,
you will go directly to the Monitor menue.  Press "ESC" to back out to the main menu.  The
program will display the main menu along the top of the screen.  Selecting one of the options
provided results in the display of a pull-down menu.  Menu commands are selected by highlighting
the command, and pressing Enter.  The arrow keys move the highlight from one command to
another.  The commands can also be selected by entering a single letter.  The specific letter for a
given command will be both underlined and capitalized within the menu.  Not all commands are
available in all situations.  The menu structure and commands are described fully in Description
of Menu Choices beginning on page ?.

The TxID program supports the Microsoft Mouse.  Any pointing device which conforms to the
Microsoft Mouse standard should be useable with this program.  The mouse driver must be
installed prior to loading the TxID program.  If a mouse is installed, commands can be selected
by clicking on the desired option.

Program Configuration

At the main menu, select Config.  Select Radio to set the program for the type of receiver you are
using.  Select unKnown if the receiver you are using is not on the list, or is not connected for
computer control.  Select Frequency and enter the frequency, in Mhz, that you will be monitoring. 
This frequency will be displayed with the FingerPrint data, and your computer controlled receiver
will be set to this frequency if properly connected.  To save the this configuration to disk, select
saVe.  To return to the main menu, select eXit.  For detailed information regarding configuration,
see Description of the Menu Choices beginning on page ?.

Displays

Besides the pull-down menu system two graphical screens are available.  The FingerPrint screen
consisting of two side-by-side graphs of Discriminator voltage versus time plot with annotations
of the time, signal strength and min/max discriminator voltages is displayed in Monitor and
Analyze modes.  The percentage busy versus frequency channel screen is displayed in the Occupcy
(occupancy) mode.  Detailed screen descriptions are included with the appropriate menu choice
descriptions.

Informational Messages

At the bottom of the screen is an informational display of the status.  "Waiting for next
transmission" indicates the Squelch is closed.  "Waiting for completion" indicates the squelch is
open, and the transmission is still active.


Fingerprint Movement

In either Analyze mode, it is possible to shift the FingerPrint data in the left hand screen with the
Control-Left-Arrow and Control-Right-Arrow keys.  (Control-<Key>  means hold down the
Control (often labeled  Ctrl on the keyboard) while depressing and then releasing the  <Key>)  To
move the left hand FingerPrint one data point to the left, hold down the Control key (either one
if the keyboard has two) and then depress the Left-Arrow (cursor) key (either one if the keyboard
has two), release the Left-Arrow key and then release the Control key.  Each data point represents
approximately 3 milliseconds.  FingerPrints may be skewed in time due to the variation in the time
it takes the receiver to recognize the start of the signal.  The fingerprint can also be moved
Up/Down/Left and Right with the U,D,L and R keys.  (Note: The shifting of this data is for
examination purposes only.  If the file is saved to disk, the original, not the shifted data is saved. 
The Control-Home key will restore the original FingerPrint data.

Test Drive

Tune the receiver to the NFM frequency your transmitter is operating at.  Select Monitor Okay.
and key up your transmitter.  The FingerPrint of your transmitter will be displayed on the left
hand side of the screen.  Additional data will be displayed underneath the FingerPrint. Press the
F10 key.  This will allow you to enter a description of the print, call sign, type of transmitter, etc. 
Press enter.  Then press "S" for Save and "A" for Add.  Key up your transmitter again.  A second
FingerPrint very similar to the first will appear on the left graph.  On the right hand side the closest
match from your matching file will appear with the new print overlayed.  The match function will
always display the closest match that is in the data base.  If the new transmission has not been
addede to the data base it will not be the same transmitter, just the closest one that is in the
matching file.  

Note: A transmitter's fingerprint will vary slightly from one transmission to another depending
on a variety of factors.  It is best to take half a dozen or so prints of a particular transmitter to get
a good idea of its characteristics.  Some radios will actually exhibit two distinctly different prints. 
This is apparently due to specific characteristics of the PLL.  Additionally, if a transmitter is using
a CTCSS (subaudible tone), you will notice the CTCSS superimposed over the FingerPrint.  This
is due to the tone being present and modulating the carrier the instant it is turned on.  If a valid
transmission is on for less than 200 ms, you will see discriminator noise displayed after the carrier
disappears.  This will appear as a rapidly fluctuating waveform but is not part of the fingerprint. 
 
If a fingerprint is off center, you can adjust it using the VO offset command.  Refer to  Advanced
Parameter Options on page ? for full details.

Main Menu selections
   File - describes the program and permits exit
   Monitor - records data from a receiver or from tape
   Occupancy - plots spectrum usage from set of frequencies
   Analyze - allows analysis of data from monitor session
   Configure - allows changing of parameters
   Test - ensures board is working properly
   Help - displays information about features


Program Modes

The program has three basic modes of using FingerPrints: Monitor, Analyze and Edit.  Monitor
is used to capture and record FingerPrints; Analyze to compare FingerPrints and Edit to extract
or delete FingerPrints from an existing file to create a new file. Monitor captures FingerPrints
from either a radio receiver or recovers data from an audio tape which had been previously made
during a monitor session.  Because the radio is live or the tape is running, little time may be
available for examination of the FingerPrints during a monitor session.  During Monitor, however,
the FingerPrints that are written to disk and/or audio tape for future examination may be
compared and studied.

Analyze permits study of FingerPrint files.  Besides just looking at each FingerPrint in a file, the
FingerPrints in two files can be compared.  There are two different types of comparison enabled:
COMPARE measures the difference between two selected FingerPrints from either one or two
files, while MATCH looks for the closest FingerPrint in a second file.

Edit allows the user to manipulate an existing file of FingerPrints to
create a new file containing only selected FingerPrints from the first file.  Edit also has a feature
that permits the user to build a "composite" FingerPrint of a transmitter from several previously
recorded FingerPrints.  The composite FingerPrint will tend to eliminate noise from the individual
Fingerprints and provide a better estimate of the true discriminator characteristic of the
transmitter.

FingerPrint "Comparison"

Two FingerPrints of different transmissions can be automatically compared to aid in the
determination whether they were made by the same transmitter.  The program will assist in that
determination by computing a measurement of the distance (or difference) between two
FingerPrints.  Several different values will be computed and displayed on the screen
when two FingerPrints are compared.  The program will automatically move the second
Fingerprint (within limits set by the user) to attempt to achieve a minimum measurement.  A line
at the bottom of the screen looks like:

   Dist (nn) is mmm  @ Rtxx/Upyy was  bb of cc

where
   nn  is the number of points of the FingerPrint that were used in the comparison.
   mmm     is the value of the measurement (smaller values mean closer FingerPrints) (See below for
           formal definition of the computation of the measurement.).
   xx  is the number of points that the FingerPrint was moved left or right to achieve the minimum
       measurement.
   yy  is the number of points that the FingerPrint was moved up or down to achieve the minimum
       measurement.

     For cases during matching of a FingerPrint against a file in which there are multiple possible
     FingerPrints being compared the following two parameters may also be shown:
   bb  is the position in closeness to the source FingerPrint, and
   cc  is the number of FingerPrints total in the list.

The Measurement that is used in the program is the mean square distance between the individual
points of the two FingerPrints.  For each pair of points, one is subtracted from the other and that
quantity squared and then added to form the sum of the squares of the distances between each
pair.  This sum is then divided by the number of points compared.  This forms the value "mmm"
described above.

The value of "nn" is nominally 64 (representing the number of points in FingerPrint) but may be
less if the second FingerPrint has been shifted (left or right in time) to get a better compare or if
the user has elected to eliminate (Lop-off) points from the beginning of the
FingerPrint.  ("nn" is 64 - abs(xx) - Lop-off.)

One set of actions occurs whenever the prints are compared.  Pins 34, 35, and 36 of the DC37
connector on the card will reflect the status of the match.  Pin 34 will be set whenever a
transmission has been matched.  (I.e. the pin will go to a logic "one" while the squelch is open.) 
Pin 35 will be set to logic "one" if the match failed while pin 36 will be
set to logic "one" if the match succeeded.

Several different sets of actions can be programmed to occur depending on whether the prints
compare or not (according to the user specified criteria.)  The PC speaker can be set to sound a
tone that is dependent on the closeness of the match.  In addition the relay on the
board which (normally) controls the audio tape recorder can be set to open or close, depending on
whether the FingerPrints match.

Description of the Menu Choices

This section describes each of the choices available from the menu system.



                                                  File

This main menu entry has a sub-menu from which the user can select various options to copy or
edit a file of FingerPrints.  In addition the program is terminated within this sub-menu.

Primary (left)
This option selects the file from which FingerPrints will be chosen to write to the output file. 
Selecting it opens a sub-menu from which the Path and File Name can be entered or a choice of
existing file from a scrollable list can be made.


Location =
This option permits the user to start copying at some location other than the next location (Note: 
It may be used throughout an editing session by using Back, Location and Okay.)

oUtput file (right)
This option permits the specification of the Output file to which the FingerPrints will be written. 
Selecting it utilizes the same sub-menu described under File/Primary.

Annotation
It is possible to add commentary to a FingerPrint either during a Monitor session, or an
Analyze/Edit session.  Selecting <F10> allows any string of characters (up to a limit of 28) to be
appended to the FingerPrint data record.  However, until the Enter key is pressed, the  FingerPrint
function is suspended.  Selecting a Function key from <F2> to <F9> will append the
corresponding stored message and resume the FingerPrint function immediately.  The pre-stored
messages can be edited in either Annotate option.

Selected
Selecting this option toggles between the select and delete modes of FingerPrint editing.  When
Selected is checked, only those FingerPrints explicitly selected for saving during the editing to the
output file will be written.  When not selected, all FingerPrints except those explicitly deleted will
be copied to the output file.


Okay (begin edit)
Selecting this option displays the first FingerPrint to be edited on the left screen and a horizontal
menu of the options permitted.

A title line is displayed across the top to describe several of the editing actions being taken.

Primary
This option displays the next FingerPrint from the primary (input) file. If the Selected option was
chosen, the previous FingerPrint is not written to the output file (although the user can recover it
with the prEvious option).  If the Selected option was not chosen, Primary causes the previous
FingerPrint to be written to the output file.

prEvious
This option (only available if Okay/selected was chosen) allows the user to move backwards in the
file of FingerPrints to display (and possibly Save or Move/Add) a FingerPrint.  This option can
be used to reorder a file of FingerPrints if desired.

Add
After the Save option has initiated the process of writing a Finger-Print, move to the next Primary
from the same transmitter, and Add it to the current FingerPrint which is being built on the Right
Screen.  This will build a "composite" FingerPrint which is the "average" of the
initially saved FingerPrint and all the Added ones.  Continue to Add FingerPrints until the result
appears the best.

Adding is terminated and the "composite" FingerPrint is written when the next Save command is
executed or when the Editing session is terminated with the eXit command.  Building of a
"composite" continues through Back.  The "composite" FingerPrint may be annotated at any time. 
The frequency, date and time will be those of the first FingerPrint which is initially Saved.  The
end time will be that of the last FingerPrint Added.

Save
The Save option saves the current FingerPrint to disk.  It first writes any existing FingerPrint
(including a composite FingerPrint constructed by prior Save and Add(s)) on the right hand screen
to disk.  Then it copies the FingerPrint currently on the left hand screen to the right screen where
it remains until the Edit mode is exited or the next Save command.  (See the Add command.)  It
is not written to disk immediately in order to allow Adding others to form a Composite or to allow
annotation.

After the FingerPrint has been transferred to the Right Screen, it may still be annotated (with the
F2-F10 commands) until a new Save is selected.  It may also be augmented with the Add
command.

Skip
If the Selected option was not enabled when Okay was chosen to invoke the Edit function, this
option will (essentially) delete the current Primary FingerPrint from the output file.  (I.e. it moves
to the next FingerPrint without writing the current one to disk.)

pgdN
The pgdN command (active only after an Add) allows the user to compare each of the FingerPrints
that constitute the "composite" against that "composite".  Essentially a "Match" is performed and
the closest Finger-Print to the composite is displayed.  The pgdN command allows the user to see
the comparison of those FingerPrints which are further away from the composite.

pGup
The pGup command undoes the pgdN command and goes back in the array.

Back
The Back command returns to the File menu to permit selected updating of the parameters.  For
example, with Save All selected (i.e. Selected not selected), Back allows the user to rapidly skip
ahead in the file to the next FingerPrint to be deleted without having to page through each one.

eXit
This command terminates an editing session, writes appropriate FingerPrints to the disk, closes
the files, clears the screen and returns to the Main menu.

aBout
The aBout command displays a screen describing the purveyor of the program and displays the
Copyright Notice.

eXit to DOS
The eXit to DOS command terminates the program and returns to the DOS prompt.

                                                 Monitor

The Monitor option is used primarily for two cases.  The first is to record data from the receiver. 
This can be done either with an operator present (to add annotation like Call Sign, etc.) or
unattended for later analysis.  The second is to playback data previously recorded on audio tape.




Source
Source selects the audio source of the monitored transmissions.  The user can select either the radio
receiver or audio tape.  This selection is from a sub menu which lists the choices.  The Source
default is radio receiver.

Frequency =
Frequency is selected to specify the frequency, in Mhz, which will be displayed in the recorded
data.  Additionally, if receiver control is supported (i.e. for an AOR AR-3000 or an ICOM IC-
R7000/R7100) and the TxID properly configured, the receiver will be set to the frequency specified. 
Please note: If the receiver cannot be controlled by the computer, verify that the frequency
specified is in fact the frequency being monitored, otherwise an incorrect frequency could be
displayed and subsequently stored in the recorded data.

<ESC> to Cancel

Emission ...
Choose from a list of Emission modes available on the radio.  Only useful if radio is computer
controllable. 

Disk recording ...
This is used to set disk recording to automatically record all fingerprints, or to record only the ones
you select and to select the file name and path.

All
All FingerPrints will be unconditionally recorded to disk.

nonE
No FingerPrints will be recorded to disk.

oN
All FingerPrints (except those explicitly rejected) will be recorded to disk.  This is the normal mode
of operation.  That is, unless the user selects the "Skip" option during the actual session, the
FingerPrint will be written.

oFf
Only those FingerPrints explicitly selected will be written to disk. (I.e.  The FingerPrint will be
written to disk only when the user selects the Save option while the FingerPrint is displayed on the
left screen.

oPtions
This choice allows the user to select which data to record into the FingerPrint file.  A sub-menu
is brought up to allow the choices to be made.  Those options which are selected will be shown with
a Check mark before them.  Select the option to turn off one which is selected or to
selected one which is turned off.

Frequency
This option causes the program to query a computer-controlled radio for the current Frequency. 
If turned off, the radio is not queried.  If you are sure that the radio will not be changed, it is
possible to save several milliseconds of processing time by turning this option off.
(The Frequency will still be recorded in the FingerPrint.)

Signal strength
This option causes the program to read the Signal Strength (AGC) from the radio.  If the radio
does not support Signal Strength, a few milliseconds of processing may be saved by turning this
option off.


Touchtone (DTMF)
If enabled the program will capture any DTMF signals made during the transmission as well as
the audio deviation of any DTMF signals received.  The DTMF codes will be added to the
annotation field preceded by "DTMF=".

Audio deviation
If enabled, the program will monitor Audio Deviation during the transmission and record the
maximum Peak-to-Peak deviation received during the transmission into the FingerPrint and
display it on the screen.



sUbaudible (CTCSS)
Continuous Tone Coded Squelch Signal (also known as PL(TM)) will be detected if this option is
enabled.  If it is known that no sub-audible tones are present about 1/2 second of processing can
be saved by turning off both this option and the Dcs option.

Dcs(subaudible)
Digitally Coded Squelch (also know as DPL(TM)) can be decoded by the program if this option
is selected.  About 1/2 second of processing can be saved if the two subaudible options are turned
off.  (If only one of the two is turned off, only about 1/8th of a second is saved.)

Bearing(doa)
Allow specification of a device to provide bearing to the transmitter. Currently the Doppler
Systems DDF5003 is the only device supported.  It has been tested in a configuration with two
separate receivers, one for FingerPrinting and a second connected to the DDF5003 antenna system
for bearing detection.  The first full bearing that is received is saved in the FingerPrint and
displayed on the screen in lieu of the sub-audible tones.

Rcvr position (For future software release to read receiver position from a GPS or to specify the
position of a fixed receiver.)

Tape recording
Menu options for tape recorder settings

Tape ...
This option allows control of audio tape recording of the data.

oFf
The audio tape recorder is not used when this option is selected.

Normal
When this option is selected, the tape recorder is started after it has been assured that a FingerPrint
will be taken.  This is useful in an area where there are weak signals which may break squelch
temporarily but with insufficient strength to be FingerPrinted.

Maximum
The Maximum option permits maximum recording time by enabling the Tape Recorder as soon
as the Fast Squelch circuit opens.  In areas of weak signals, however, the tape may be subject to
"creep" as it is turned on and off repeatedly.

Write data =
The user can specify when during a long transmission that the Finger-Print data will be recorded
to tape (as a digital signal burst).

Write data at end
If the user specifies a Write data time greater than the maximum (1800 seconds), the phrase "at
end" will be displayed instead of the value.  The FingerPrint digital data will then be recorded as
soon as the Squelch closes.

tiMe out =
The user can specify the maximum length of audio to be recorded for each separate transmission. 
The audio recording will be turned off after the specified number of seconds.  This option may be
useful if transmissions tend to be long and only a portion of it is necessary to ascertain the identity
of the transmitter.

tiMe out = full
If the time is specified is longer than the maximum permitted (1800 seconds), the phrase "full" is
displayed and the tape will record the full transmission independent of length.

tUrn off =
Often when transmissions occur immediately after one another, some audio is lost as the tape starts
and stops.  The user can utilize this option to tell the program to continue recording even after the
transmission is over in anticipation of a new transmission.  The user tells the program how long
to wait before determining that no new transmission will occur before shutting off the tape.

tUrn off at end
If the user specifies a tUrn off time of 0, the phrase "at end" will be displayed and the tape will be
turned off as soon as the digital data is recorded or the squelch closed, whichever takes longer.

Source channel =
The TxID program digitizes one of the Analog to Digital channels to provide the audio signal.  For
an FM emission, the default of the Discriminator is reasonable but for an AM emission, much
better sound quality will be obtained by connecting the audio output from the receiver to the audio
input (tape recorder input) and setting the Source channel to 2.  Other channels, while permissible,
will probably not record intelligible information.

Delayed audio
This option allows the user specify the length of time (from 0 to 820 milliseconds) that the digitized
audio (from the Source channel) is delayed in order to allow the audio tape to start up and get up
to speed.  Most commonly available recorders will be up to speed in a quarter of a second (250
milliseconds).

saVe configuration
Selecting this option overwrites any existing  configuration file  with the current configuration.

Remote recording
(Please note:  Remote recording and the associated sub-selections are not fully implemented with
Version 2.00.  We will notify TxID-1 users when an updated release is available that fully supports
this feature)

This option (from the Monitor menu) permits the user to specify characteristics of sending
FingerPrints from a remote receiver over a serial communication link (hardwired, Amateur packet
or telephone modem) to a base station running the (optional) BASE program.  With this option
it is possible to not only receive remote FingerPrints but also to control the receiver at the remote
site (e.g. set frequency, emission mode, etc.)

This option will display a sub-menu which permits the user to select options for transmitting
FingerPrints from a remote site to a base station which is equipped with the (optional) BASE
program to receive FingerPrints.  This option has been simulated with commercially available
Remote Control programs but they take up to 5 seconds to redisplay the FingerPrint on the base
station during which time a new transmission could have started.  The TxID specific BASE
program can effect the data transfer in a fraction of that time while continuing to monitor the
receiver.

Remote ...
The user can turn the remote option on or off.

Port ...
This line displays the current status of the selected Remote COM port.  Selecting it displays a
sub-menu to alter that configuration.

Port =
This option specifies the PC Serial Port  COM1:  through  COM4:  which will be used for the serial
data transfer.

connect messaGe
This string allows the user to specify the string sent to the COM port to initialize for sending to
a BASE Station.  It can be blank for a direct serial connection (i.e. with NULL Modems) or can
tell a connected modem to answer a phone line.  For example, with a Hayes(TM) compatible
modem, one could use the connect messaGe of "ATC2A" to disable modem generated messages
and automatically answer the phone when it rings.

passWord
This option allows specification of a string that will be expected to permit connection.  This can
be used as a password.  Set this value to some string at the remote site and then only those who
know that value will be able to access the program.

Start session
This is the string that is sent from the program to the selected COM port at the beginning of each
session.  For a modem, it should be the string that would cause the modem to await and answer
an incoming phone call.

End session
Sent at the end of a session.  (Normally the NULL string.)

sTart transmission
This is the string that is sent before each FingerPrint.  The primary requirement is that it be the
same on both the Remote and the BASE systems.

eNd transmission
Sent at the end of each transmission (normally the NULL string).

Mode ...
Since some serial communications lines do not permit the transfer of full eight bit binary data (i.e.
many disallow  binary zero as a legal bit pattern), the user can select this option to cause the data
to be encoded as an ASCII text string.  This doubles the actual number of characters transferred
but may be required on some serial lines or with some modems.

Ascii
This choice causes the program to convert each byte of data into two ASCII characters to be sent.

Binary
This is the preferable choice unless the serial line will not support transmitting all 256 bit patterns,
including zero.

controL permitted
Selecting this option allows the use of commands from the BASE program to affect the operation
of the program at the remote site.



reWind enable
Selecting this option enables the relay to allow external control of the Tape Recorder to rewind
(or Fast Forward) the tape to a position to begin recording or replay.

1  (unseen option)
Selecting 1 during the Monitor initialization will cause the screen to display FingerPrint data of
approximately +/- 1.5 KHz.

3  (unseen option)
Selecting 3 during the Monitor initialization will cause the screen to display FingerPrint data of
approximately +/- 3 KHz.  The default is 3 and shows lines at +/- 1, +/-2, and +/- 3 KHz.  Note: 
The selection of display size has no effect on the actual data that is captured or recorded to tape,
disk or remote.  The user may want to select 1 for comparing to a relatively stable transmitter or
6 for a wildly oscillating transmitter.  The default 3 is generally a good starting point until some
experience is gained. 

6  (unseen option)
Selecting  6  during the Monitor initialization will cause the screen to display FingerPrint data of
approximately +/- 6 KHz.  This may be useful if FingerPrints of interest are shown as lines at
either the top or bottom of the screen.

Match =
This option displays a sub-menu from which various parameters for controlling the matching of
FingerPrints can be controlled.  Matching of FingerPrints is enabled if a Check appears at the
front of the line. Enabling Match disables comPare.

Path ...
This option will specify the filename (and path) of a file containing FingerPrints to be compared
to the received FingerPrint.  Only the first 256 FingerPrints will be used.  If it were desired to
perform MATCHING only with newly received FingerPrints, select Path/File and enter the name
"NUL." (note:  the final decimal point is necessary) to cause the program to not read any
FingerPrints from disk without generating an error.


Metric Max
This value controls how close the received FingerPrint must match the closest FingerPrint to
declare a  MATCH.  When a MATCH is declared, the Actions specified (below) will occur.

Jitter
This value specifies how much variation will be allowed in the time comparison of FingerPrints. 
Each value is one Super Sample of the FingerPrint (nominally 3.2 msec).

Lop Off
This value specifies how many SuperSamples will be discarded from the front of the FingerPrint
before matching.  For a noisy FingerPrint, this value may be set to a small positive number to
ignore early noise.  The values are (nominally) 3.2 msec.


DC Offset
This value specifies the maximum difference between the average discriminator frequency of the
two FingerPrints to permit matching.  Two FingerPrints that differ by more than this value will
not MATCH.

Action =
This sub-menu will allow the choice of actions to occur if the Current FingerPrint matches one of
the FingerPrints from the selected file.  These choices include enabling the Audio tape for the
transmission, disabling the Audio tape (if normally enabled) for the selected transmission, and
issuing an audible (750 Hz) audio tone using the PC speaker.

Audio alarm =
This parameter allows the user to specify that an audio alarm will be sounded if there is a match
of the new FingerPrint within the specified parameters.  The duration of the alarm (in milliseconds)
is provided.  Specifying a duration of 0 disables the audio alarm.  The pitch of the sound provides
an indication of the closeness of the match.  A higher pitch means a closer match.

Tape relay on =
Selecting the Tape relay on enables (i.e. closes) the relay (normally connected to the audio tape
recorder) when a match is declared until the end of the transmission.  This relay could be used to
only permit transmitters which match those in the Match file to control some device (like a
repeater transmitter.)  For example, if a packet repeater controller wished to ensure that only
registered users were permitted to use his or her digipeater, s/he could build a Match file of those
registered user's radios, set this parameter and connect the transmitter PTT through the relay on
the board.

taPe relay off =
Selecting this option opens the tape relay from the beginning of a transmission until a match is
declared.  The relay will remain open for the duration of the transmission if no match is declared. 
If the Audio tape option is enabled, the digital FingerPrint will be written to tape and the tape
relay closed if a match is declared.  A non-zero value enables this option.  Enabling it disables Tape
relay on.

This option could also be used for repeater control since the relay is closed when the squelch is
opened (thus potentially allowing a repeater to transmit), and then either opened (thus shutting
off the transmitter) when the received FingerPrint matches one of the list of "bad guys" or is left
closed until the end of the transmission if the FingerPrint does not match any in the list.

Okay
The selected options from this menu will be applied to future monitoring sessions.  (Use Cancel
if you wish to return without changing anything.)

Cancel
The selected options will be ignored and the original status of the options retained.

Comparing
This option is enabled if a Check mark is shown before the option.  Selecting Compare disables
the measUre option and causes comparisons during the subsequent monitoring session to be only
against the last FingerPrint Moved from the Left to the Right screen.  (Contrast this option with
the measUre option which matches the current FingerPrint from the Left screen versus all
FingerPrints from a file chosen within the MATCH option.



Okay (begin monitoring)
Selecting this option begins the actual monitoring session.  A sub menu is displayed across the top
of the screen and the selected Source is enabled to capture FingerPrints.

The program establishes two graphs for the display of FingerPrints as captured from the specified
Source.  The left hand side shows the FingerPrint as captured from the specified Source.  Data is
displayed below the graph, including the date and time, the frequency, signal strength, audio and
DTMF deviation.  A title line is displayed at the top of the screen to describe several
of the options which have been selected.


Move
This option to the Monitor session saves the current FingerPrint from the left hand side to the
right hand side.  It is available only if the Compare option was enabled on the Monitor
Initialization screen.

Pause
This option will cause the system to not initiate a new FingerPrint.  It can be used during real-time
monitoring if the user wishes to study the outputs of a particular transmission.  (Note:  While
monitoring tape, the audio tape will be paused so only a maximum of one transmission (during the
stop/restart of the tape could get lost.  All transmissions during PAUSE over the air will be lost.)

Proceed
This command is shown when the TxID FingerPrinting has been PAUSED by the command above. 
Selecting it will resume the process.  (if monitoring live over the air, any transmissions during a
PAUSE will be lost.

Tape=
The tape is recording up to the number of seconds specified after the equal sign.  Selecting this
option will change the menu to read "Tape=all" and the system will record the entire transmission. 
During a manned monitoring session, this could be used when a full record of a desired transmitter
is wanted.  (Note:  If the transmission recording time is fairly long and a particular transmission
is not wanted, selecting the Tape option twice will terminate audio recording of the current
transmission.

Tape>999
This option is the same as the above option except that the time being monitored is greater than
999 seconds (and thus can not be displayed.)  Selecting the option causes the entire transmission
to be recorded.

Tape=all
The entire transmission is being recorded.  Selecting this option will terminate the recording of this
transmission.

Save
This option (displayed only when the oFf sub-option from the Disk sub-option have been selected)
controls the selective saving of the recording of FingerPrints.  No FingerPrints are written to disk
except those which are explicitly "saved" by selecting this option.


Skip
This option (displayed only when the oN sub-option from the Disk sub-option have been selected)
controls the selective skipping of the recording of FingerPrints.  All FingerPrints are written to
disk except those which are "skipped" by selecting this option.  (Note:  the oNoption is the default
so this will normally be displayed.)

pGdn
This option displays the next FingerPrint which is next further away from the currently matched
FingerPrint.  This command (together with pGup) allow the user to scroll up and down the
matching file examining how close each of the Fingerprints in that file is to the current FingerPrint
from the Left Screen.  (The PgDn key on the numeric keypad (when NumLock is off) also performs
this function.)

pGup
This command is the inverse of the pGdn command above.  It redisplays the next closest
FingerPrint.  It is available when the Matching option was selected on the Monitor initialization
screen and the closest FingerPrint is not currently shown.


1, 3, 6 (unseen option)
By typing a 1, 3 or 6 during a monitor session, you can select the scope of the Y axis; Plus and
minus 1.5, 3 or 6 Khz.

F1  (unseen option)
Selecting <F1> brings up a help screen for the current message or currently active option if no
message is displayed.

F2 to F9  (unseen options)
See annotate.  Pre-determined messages can be stored and entered into a fingerPrint record by
selecting F2 to F9.

F10  (unseen options)
See annotate.  Selecting F10 will allow you to enter information about the fingerprint.


<Space bar>  (unseen option)
Pressing the space bar will clear out any message at the bottom of the screen.  It could be used to
clear a warning message or to reset the Metric display before issuing a Print Screen.

hElp-fp
This option brings up a Help screen describing the "unseen" options (see above) that are available
during Monitoring.

The "unseen" options include the 1, 3, 6  commands to change the Y axis of the plots; the U, D,
L, R commands to shift the copy of the FingerPrint on the Right screen; the F2 through F9
commands to add predefined Annotation, the F10 command to allow input of an Annotation, and
the Ctl-F1 through Ctl-F10 commands to change Frequencies.

Back
This option permits the user to return to the Monitor Initialization menu in order to alter several
of the parameters without terminating the session.


eXit
Selecting this option terminates the Monitor session, closes the file and returns to the Monitor
Initialization Menu.

                                                Occupancy

Occupancy is the Spectrum Occupancy option on the main menu.  It allows the monitoring of a
set of frequencies (up to 256) for activity.  For example, one could use it to determine which packet
frequencies were active (and receivable) in the area.  One could also determine which repeaters
were most active by monitoring their output frequencies with this option.

Input file selection
Select Input file to specify the disk file listing frequencies to be scanned for occupancy.   Selection
of the file is done in the same manner as described under the Monitor File menu.  Note: the file
must be in ASCII text format with one frequency per line and the frequencies must be in MHz. 
(Look at the examples provided on the supplied disk.)

Output file
Select Output file to specify the disk file to store listing of frequencies to be scanned for occupancy. 
Selection of the file is done in the same manner as described under the Monitor File menu.  Note:
the file must be in ASCII text format with one frequency per line and the frequencies must be in
MHz.  (Look at the examples provided on the supplied disk.)

Begin
After a set of frequencies has been specified, the user may initiate the monitoring.  The computer
will tune the receiver to each of the desired frequencies in turn, determine the squelch status, and
after each pass, display the results.  Note: the left hand axis shows whether the display is 100 %,
10 % or 1% of the actual data.  The lower axis shows the first and last frequencies to be monitored
and shows small tic marks for each frequency.
Two horizontal bars are shown: the first (highest/white) is the percentage of time that the
frequency is occupied the second bar (middle/green) bar shows the number of transmissions, i.e.
times that there was no signal between successive passes.  These bars can be scrolled through the
specified frequencies using the Left and Right commands.  Select eXit to return to the previous
menu.
(Note: "Birdies" in the radio receiver can cause the program to display 100 % utilization in
channels which are not actually occupied.  The solution is either to change receivers or to delete
the offending frequency from the list.) 

Exit
The eXit option terminates the Occupcy options session and returns to the main menu.
                                                 Analyze

The Analyze choice provides the means of examining and comparing files of FingerPrints.

Primary (left)
This option allows the specification of the file from which FingerPrints are displayed on the left
screen.

Location =
The location (count) of the next FingerPrint to be displayed can be chosen.  This allows rapid
movement to a desired FingerPrint is a large file.

Secondary (right)
Allows the specification of the file from which FingerPrints are displayed on the right hand side
screen.

Location =
The location (count) of the next FingerPrint to be displayed can be chosen.  This allows rapid
movement to a desired FingerPrint is a large file.

Match
Specifies that the secondary file will be used for matching FingerPrints.  That is, each FingerPrint
in the Secondary file will be matched against the current FingerPrint in the Primary file and the
closest match displayed on the right screen.  Selecting Match disables comPare.

comPare
Each time the Primary or Secondary FingerPrint is changed, the difference between them will be
computed and displayed.  Selecting comPare disables Match.

Okay (begin analysis)
The program compares each FingerPrint from the second file against the current FingerPrint from
the Primary.  Comparison between FingerPrints is controlled by the Match and comPare options.

A title line is displayed at the top of the screen to describe the analysis which is being done.

Primary
Selecting this option causes the Primary FingerPrint file to be read and the next FingerPrint from
that file to be displayed on the left screen.

prEvious
The prEvious command displays the previous FingerPrint from the Primary source file.

Secndry
This option gets the next FingerPrint from the Secondary file.

preVious
Displays the previous FingerPrint in the Secondary file.

pgdN
This option is available if Match was selected.  It will display the next closest match.

pGup
Opposite of pgdN.

(unseen options)
The   1, 3, and 6 options (described under Monitor) are available here
also.

Four other options  U for Up, D for Down, L for Left, and R for Right will move the matched
FingerPrint on the right hand screen up or down 1/16th KHz or left or right 3.2 msec respectively. 
After the movement, the metric value is recalculated and the moved FIngerPrint is redisplayed. 

A fifth command  H  resets the FingerPrint to its initial position (at the minimum metric value)
after it has been moved around.

Back
This option returns to the selection menu to enable the user to choose where in the selected file to
compare.

eXit
This option terminates an analysis session.

                                                Configure
Board address =
Specify in Hex.  The default is 300 which is the switch setting on boards shipped from the factory. 
If a value between 1 and 3 is specified, the program assumes that the Parallel Port Interface
(PPID-1) is to be connected to the chosen LPT port.  (I.e. If you have a PPID-1 connected to
LPT2:, then select a Board address of 2.)  (Note:  The program gets the actual physical address of
the parallel port from the ROM BIOS RAM area in the same way that a printer does, so do not
worry about the physical address of your port.)

Radio ...
This option permits the user to select from a list of supported computer controlled radios.

Unknown
Use this choice if the radio is not on the list or if the radio control is not enabled.
Icom r-7000
Ar-3000
iCom r-7100
aR-3000a
icOm-970
icoM-736
icom-820H

Speed=
Many of the computer controlled radios have multiple speeds (Baud rates) for their serial control
lines.  This option permits the user to select among some of them.

Frequency
Selects frequency when using a supported computer controllable radio.



Emission ...
The user can select the type of emission from those supported by the receiver.  Only FM and AM
can be FingerPrinted, however.

Port
This option permits the user to specify the port to be used for Remote monitoring and control. 
(this is not yet supported in version 2.00)

saVe configuration
Saves the selected information in a config file.

                                                  Test

The Test menu permits the user to select among several tests to confirm proper operation of the
TxiD-1 board as well as the radio receiver.  In addition some of the adjustable parameters can be
set by using the features of these options.

Verify TxID Runs
Invoking this option causes the PC to issue commands to the Z-180 on the TxID-1 card and verify
that the card responds.  If the card responds then the Z-180 is functioning properly and the
program displays  "Test Passed"  in the lower left corner of the screen.  If the Z-180 is not working
properly, it must be repaired before executing the remaining tests.

Dualport RAM
Selecting this option causes the PC Program to verify the ability of the PC to read and write the
dualport memory (RAM) used as a communications device between the PC and the Z-180
microprocessor on the TxID-1 board.  If successful, the program will display  "Test Passed"  in the
lower left corner of the screen.  If the Dualport is not working properly, it must be fixed before any
of the other tests are meaningful.  (Note:  Ensure that the TxID-1 board is properly seated in the
PC and that the Input/Output port specified in the Config menu matches the one set by the Dip
Switch on the TxID-1 board.)

Checksum of EPROM
This option causes the TxID-1 board to compute a checksum of the memory contents of its
program (EPROM) memory.  The checksum should always be zero.  If it is, the program will
display "Test Passed".

RAM test
Selecting this option causes the TxID-1 board to perform a test of the internal RAM on the
TxID-1 board.  It displays the result and should always say "Test passed".  If it doesn't, see the
section of the manual on trouble shooting.

Discriminator
This option displays the (averaged) value of the discriminator output.  It can be used to calibrate
the radio receiver.  See the section of the manual on Calibration for instructions and desired
values.  (Make sure that the receiver is in Narrow band FM operating mode before running this
test).

aMdetect
(For potential future use only, not presently active) 

Noise (squelch)
This option measures an (averaged) value of the output of the Noise (Discriminator squelch)
signal.  It can be used to assist in calibration of the TxID-1 board.  See the section of the manual
on Calibration of the TxID-1 Card for instructions and desired values.

Write audio tape
In order to set the volume level of the audio tape and to verify that a tape has very few drop-outs,
set up the tape for recording and issue this command.  A series of digital data bits will be written
to the tape.  In order to verify a tape, let the program record a full tape's worth of data.  This tape
will then be read and tested with the Audio read command (described below).

Rewind tape
The rEwind tape selection enables the tape recorder so that you can rewind your tape without
having to remove the remote control cable.


Audio tape read
This command verifies a tape recorded with the "Write tape" command described above.  Initiate
this command to play back a tape recorded with the "Write tape" command.  When an error
occurs, the message "Errors, hit  <ESC> to quit", will be displayed.  The message "Okay, hit 
<ESC>  to quit", is displayed when the last one second of tape was read without error.  Adjust the
tape recorder volume to locate the optimum volume level for the minimum number of errors
detected.  Rewind the tape to the beginning and read the entire tape.  Ideally, there should be no
errors, however, a few errors is still acceptable.  If adjusting the volume level is unsuccessful in
reducing the number of errors to an acceptable level, try another brand or grade of tape.  Due to
the analog recording technique applied to digital data, it may be that a cheaper brand of tape will
actually work better.

Touchtone (DTMF) test
The tOuchtone (dtmf) test functions allows the user to test the on-board DTMF decoder, without
capturing and storing FingerPrint information.  The configured frequency must be the same as the
DTMF source, and can be reconfigured using either the Monitor Frequency or Config Frequency
menu selections.

Exit
The eXit option terminates the Test options session and returns to the main menu.

Help
An on-line Help system is provided to assist the user during the middle of a session.

Introduction
The Introduction command displays an introduction screen to the on-line help system.

Browse
The Browse command displays the various help messages (in the order they appear in the help file).

Use <F1>
The Use <F1> command displays a brief message stating that the user can get on-line help by
depressing the <F1> function key, or by depressing the right mouse button.

                                             Advanced Topics
                                          Command Line Options

Script file       (/<filename.ext>)
The specified file will be used a source of the next commands to the program.  (Note that the Script
file command is not permitted in a Script file.)

Comment           (* <text>   or   ; <text>)
The comment will be displayed at the bottom of the screen (until superseded by a later message.)

CTCSS Amplitude   (MPU<16th of KHz>)
The CTCSS decoder is set to decode sub-audible tones at 375 Hz or greater.  If too many tones are
being falsely decoded, raise the threshold to 500 Hz with MPU8 (or even higher with a larger
number.)  On the other hand, if known CTCSS signals are not being decoded (i.e. they can be seen
in the FingerPrint but of fairly low amplitude, the threshold can be lowered to 250 Hz deviation
with MPU4.

DCS Amplitude     (MPD<Counts>)
If the DCS is triggering with too many false reports, raise the threshold with the  MPDn 
command, e.g.  MPD3  or  MPD4.

Note              (N <Message>)
The program will display the  <Message>  at the bottom of the screen and wait for an operator
acknowledgement before continuing (unless the Un-attended operation command has been
previously executed.)

Pause             (P<number of seconds to wait>)
The program will wait for the specified number of seconds before continuing to execute the next
command.

Unattended Operation  (U)
The program will not stop to wait for operator acknowledgement for error or warning messages
but will continue as best it can.

Time Limit        (FX<number of seconds>)
The program will perform either a Monitor or Occupancy operation for the specified number of
seconds and then perform the next operation.

Deviation Adjustment   (VADnn,mm;nn,mm;...)
This parameter (normally found in a Configuration file) allows the specification of a calibration
curve for the Discriminator A/D Channel.  See appendix on Calibration.)

Signal Strength Adjustment   (VASnn,mm;nn,mm;...)
Equivalent to VAD but for the Signal Strength.  (0->-128 dBM to 255->0dBM)

Bearing    (VBBn=-1)
Allows the user specify a fixed bearing to be added into each FingerPrint (as though it were
received from a Direction Finder.)

FingerPrint Channel (Deviation)   (VBFn=0)
The A/D channel from which the FingerPrint will be taken.  Normally left at its default of  zero.

Receiver Location      (VBL-1,-1)
The latitude and longitude of the receiver (antenna) position can be entered into the program.  If
entered, it will be saved in the FingerPrint.  The location is specified as
VBLsddmm.mmmm,sdddmm.mmmm  with the latitude first and then longitude (positive latitude
is North, positive Longitude is West.  Note:  the   dd   above is degrees, mm.mmmm   is minutes
with the seconds converted to fractions of a minute.   E.g.   47o36'40" N/122o9'10" W would be
represented as VBL4736.6667,12209.1667

Prior Counts   (VBPn=0)        (ONLY with Firmware > 2.4)
Specify the number of counts (100 usec intervals) prior to Fast Squelch that will appear in the
FingerPrint  (Default is currently zero to avoid problems with versions of the Firmware older than
2.5 for which this was used differently.)  Note: The parameter which this specifies was fixed in the
Firmware for versions prior to 2.4 and was equal to 2 for Firmware versions X.Y to 2.3.  It was
zero for versions prior to X.Y.  This will allow you to display the very first few milliseconds of the
carrier that are missed before the fast squelch responds.  If you want to include, for example, the
first 4ms add a VBP40 after TXID.EXE in your batch file or on the command line after your batch
file.

Signal Strength Channel   (VBSn=3)
This parameter specifies the Analog to Digital converter channel on which is read the Signal
Strength.  The factory default for version 2.0 is channel three.  If you purchased a TxID-1 prior
to 1/1/95 and are using the IA-1 interface adaptor board that is not a "Rev-A" board, the RCA jack
is connected to channel 1.  You can either do a hardware modification (jumper wire) on the IA-1
to re-route signal strength to channel 3 or use VBSn=1 on the command line or in your batch file.

Number of Closures   (VCn=16)
Used in conjunction with the   SamplesToValidate   variable to determine the quality of the
FingerPrint gathering.  Within the first NumberOfClosures   SuperSamples (i.e. 3.2 msec) of the
FingerPrinting process,   SamplesToValidate   samples must have been taken with the Squelch
open.  (I.e. if the Fast Squelch circuit opens but can not be held open consistently by the
transmitter, judicious use of these two parameters will permit the knowledgeable user to tune
performance to reject weak signals.)

Occupancy Loop Delay   (VDnnn)
Number of counts before sampling the squelch in occupancy (default is 350 for 25 Mhz 386) range
is 1 to 5000.

Hysterisis Limit   (VHnn)
Number of milliseconds after dropping of Fast Squelch before program determines that the
transmission is ended.

Radio Initialization String   (VI<string>)
This parameter allows the user to specify a unique string to be sent to a computer controlled radio
which is not yet supported by the program.  It is sent once at the beginning of the program only.

Frequency Offset   (VOnn=0)
Offset adjustment to the frequency of the receiver.  This value (-48 < offset < 48) is added to the
value read from the TxID board.  Each 16 counts equals one Khz.  You should make sure your
receiver is well calibrated before using this command.

Samples to Validate   (VSnn=32)
Used in conjunction with the NumberOfClosures variable to determine the quality of the
FingerPrint gathering.  Within the first NumberOfClosures   SuperSamples (i.e. 3.2 msec) of the
FingerPrinting process,   SamplesToValidate   samples must have been taken with the
Squelch open.  (I.e. if the Fast Squelch circuit opens but can not be held open consistently by the
transmitter, judicious use of these two parameters will permit the knowledgeable user to tune
performance to reject weak signals.)  (This parameter is not valid with EPROM versions greater
than 2.7.)

Tape FingerPrint Length   (VTnn)
Allows the user to vary the length of the FingerPrint written to the Audio tape.  Note:  If specified
when writing, the same value must be used when reading back.


Using Advanced Parameters on the Command Line
It is possible to include Advanced Parameters on the command line.  When starting the TxID
program,  include the desired parameter(s) separated by a space.  For example, TXID U <Enter>
will start the program in unattended mode.  For frequently used parameters, use a DOS Batch file
to start the program.  (See the example batch files on the distribution disk.)

Using Advanced Parameters in a Configuration or Script file
Upon initial startup, the TxID program searches for a configuration file.  The default is
TXID.CFG.  This is the file you create when you use the sAve command within the TxID
program.  If found, the commands stored in the file are executed.  By specifying a file on the
command line, you can control which configuration is to be used.  The convention used is 
Note: Script files may not "call" another script file.  Like DOS Batch files, a script file that contains
a  "/"  command will terminate the existing list of commands and initiate the new one.  It will not
return to the initial command file.

Using Advanced Parameters with the DOS Environment Variables
The program supports several DOS Environment variables.  (See your DOS Reference Manual for
more information.  Look at the DOS  SET  command.)

Including a command  "SET TXIDPORT=<Hex number>"  in either your AUTOEXEC.BAT file
or in a batch file that initiates this program will cause the program to change the default PC
Input/Output PORT address from 300H to the value specified as <Hex number>.  E.g.   SET
TXIDPORT=308  would be appropriate if the user had changed the PC Input/Output Port select
switches on the TxID-1 card to select a port address of 308.

Including the variable TXIDINIT ("SET TXIDINIT=<command>"  will cause the program to
execute one TxID script command.  The normal way to use this would be to have the one
command be a  "/"  script command with a filename containing initialization variables.  Note:  If
this Environment variable is specified, the command will be executed each time the program is
started.  There is no way (within the program) to disable it.

Printing FingerPrints
If you load Graphics.com from your DOS directory before loading TXID.EXE, you will be able
to use your "Print Screen" key to print fingerprints to your printer.  Refer to your DOS manual
for usage.

Radio Squelch
Radio squelch is used as a validation of the Fast Squelch.  If the
external (radio) squelch signal is true at the end of the FIngerPrint,
it is accepted as valid.  While this precludes gathering data on very
short transmissions it permits the user to affect the validity by
adjusting the squelch knob on the receiver. The two parameters  VC  and
VS  determine how long and with how much consistency, the squelch
circuit must be open to decide that a "real" signal is present.   VS
determines how long the measurement is made.  (It is specified in the
number of 3.2 msec "points" of a FingerPrint.  For each of those
"points", a determination is made whether the squelch circuit is open or
closed at the end of the measurement.  If closed, this count is
decremented and the FingerPrint abandoned if the count reaches 0 before
VC  "points" are taken.



                                              Helpful Hints

Creating a batch file
It is helpful to load the txid program from a batch file if you are customizing its operations using
command line options.  You can also enter strings of letters in the batch file for executing menu
options automatically from the batch file.  For example, if you wish the program to always come
up in the monitor screen enter MO after TXID.EXE.  Since the letter M is used to select Monitor
and the letter O is used to select Okay from the submenu to enter the monitor screen.  Or, you
could specify a file name that you want to use to write fingerprints to by entering
MDPfilename.fpt.  The letter M selects Monitor, D Disk recording, P Path and the file name to
be used.  You can have the program do anything that is normally accomplished by selecting menu
options by simply placing those letters used to select those options on the command line.  To
determine what letters to use, walk through the menu selections to get to the desired options and
write down each letter used to select the menu option.

                                             TROUBLESHOOTING

Described below are several problems that may occur in either the initial set-up of the TxID-1 card
or during its use.  Descriptions of actions to attempt to correct the problem are described.

Initial Startup procedure didn't work
Suppose that the FingerPrint did not show up as expected.  Let's check the hardware first.  If you
still have the Monitor screen showing, issue the  X  for Exit command to get back to the main
menu.  Then issue  T  for the Test menu.  Choose the Discriminator test.  A voltage should be
displayed in the lower left corner of the display.  That voltage should be about 2.5 volts DC
although a range of 2 to 3 is okay.  If that is not correct, the input header may not be set up
properly.  See the section on setting up your input header "OPAMP.EXE", to make sure your
header is set up properly.

If the  "D"  test is okay, then issue the  "N"  command.  Again a voltage is displayed in the lower
left corner of the screen.  This voltage should be between 4.5 and 5.0 volts DC when the squelch
is closed and less than two volts if the squelch is open.  If the voltage, with the carrier off, is not
above 4 Volts, see the section of "Calibration of the TxID-1 Card".  This may also be caused by
taking the discriminator signal from the wrong point in your receiver.  If, for example, you are
trying to take it after a de-emphasis network, all of the high frequency noise element will have been
removed rendering the squelch circuit inoperable.  The discriminator signal must be taken before
any audio processing has been done.  If there is a bypass capacitor going directly from your
receivers discriminator output to ground, it may have to be removed.

The fingerprint is not centered
Refer to the VO command in the "Advanced topics" section.  For example, if you know your
receiver and the transmitter being fingerprinted are calibrated and on frequency, and the
fingerprint appears two Khz down from center, place the command VO32 on the command line
when you start the TxID program.  This will cause the fingerprint to move up two Khz and appear
centered.  Example:  C>TXID VO32(ENTER)


Error message: "No TxID Card Found"
Assumiong you actually do have a TxID-1 in your computer, check the DIP switch to make sure
the address is set to what your configuration is set to.  If it is, it is possible that you have another
device in your comp;uter that has an address confilict.  Try various different addresses or try
removing suspect cards from the computer.  You may want to try the TxID-1 in another computer,
if available, just to see if it will come up in a different system.  Check to see if you have any TSR's
running that may be causing a conflict.

Error message:  "Slope Jumper wrong"
If you have made your own cable, connected directly to the DC-37 connector, rather than using
the IA-1, check to see that pin 20 is wired to ground.  Pin 20 externally completes the ground path
for the slope pull-up resistors.  If it is missing, you may get this message.  Check the component
header to make sure that is is sitting properly in its socket.